Cognitive biases - Revision history

Wikinimda@home at 19:49, 23 July 2024

2024-07-23T19:49:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:49, 23 July 2024
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	# '''Actor-Observer Bias''': Attributing one's own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their character.		# '''Actor-Observer Bias''': Attributing one's own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their character.
	# '''Anchoring Bias''': Relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions.		# '''[[Anchoring Bias\|<u>Anchoring Bias</u>]]''': Relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions.
	# '''Availability Heuristic''': Overestimating the importance of information that is most readily available.		# '''Availability Heuristic''': Overestimating the importance of information that is most recent or readily available.
			#* Long Description: A mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, decision, or question. This cognitive bias occurs because people tend to overestimate the importance of information that is readily available to them. For example, after seeing news reports about airplane accidents, a person might overestimate the risk of flying despite statistics showing it's one of the safest modes of transport. The availability heuristic often leads to misjudgments because it doesn't consider all relevant information, just the most memorable or recent information.
	# '''Bandwagon Effect''': Adopting beliefs or behaviors because many others do.		# '''Bandwagon Effect''': Adopting beliefs or behaviors because many others do.
	# '''Base Rate Fallacy''': Ignoring statistical information in favor of specific information.		# '''Base Rate Fallacy''': Ignoring statistical information in favor of specific information.
	# '''Choice-Supportive Bias''': Remembering one's choices as better than they actually were.		# '''Choice-Supportive Bias''': Remembering one's choices as better than they actually were.
	# '''Confirmation Bias''': Tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs.		# '''[[Confirmation Bias\|<u>Confirmation Bias</u>]]''': Tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs.
	# '''Dunning-Kruger Effect''': When people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability.		# '''Dunning-Kruger Effect''': When people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability.
	# '''False Consensus Effect''': Overestimating how much others agree with one's own beliefs or behaviors.		# '''False Consensus Effect''': Overestimating how much others agree with one's own beliefs or behaviors.

Wikinimda@home at 16:25, 9 July 2024

2024-07-09T16:25:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:25, 9 July 2024
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	Here is a list of some common cognitive biases along with a brief description of each:		Here is a list of some common cognitive biases along with a brief description of each:

	# '''~~Confirmation~~ Bias''': ~~Tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms~~ one's ~~preexisting beliefs~~.		# '''Actor-Observer Bias''': Attributing one's own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their character.
	# '''Anchoring Bias''': Relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions.		# '''Anchoring Bias''': Relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions.
	# '''Availability Heuristic''': Overestimating the importance of information that is most readily available.		# '''Availability Heuristic''': Overestimating the importance of information that is most readily available.
			# '''Bandwagon Effect''': Adopting beliefs or behaviors because many others do.
			# '''Base Rate Fallacy''': Ignoring statistical information in favor of specific information.
			# '''Choice-Supportive Bias''': Remembering one's choices as better than they actually were.
			# '''Confirmation Bias''': Tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs.
			# '''Dunning-Kruger Effect''': When people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability.
			# '''False Consensus Effect''': Overestimating how much others agree with one's own beliefs or behaviors.
			# '''Framing Effect''': Reacting differently to the same information depending on how it is presented.
			# '''Fundamental Attribution Error''': Overemphasizing personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while underemphasizing situational explanations.
			# '''Gambler's Fallacy''': Believing that future probabilities are influenced by past events, even when the events are independent.
			# '''Halo Effect''': The tendency for positive impressions of a person in one area to positively influence one's opinion in other areas.
	# '''Hindsight Bias''': Believing, after an event has occurred, that one would have predicted or expected the outcome.		# '''Hindsight Bias''': Believing, after an event has occurred, that one would have predicted or expected the outcome.
	# '''~~Self-Serving Bias~~''': ~~Attributing positive events~~ to one's ~~own character but attributing negative events to external factors~~.		# '''Horn Effect''': The tendency for negative impressions of a person in one area to negatively influence one's opinion in other areas.
	# '''~~Fundamental Attribution Error~~''': ~~Overemphasizing personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while underemphasizing situational explanations~~.		# '''Illusory Correlation''': Perceiving a relationship between variables even when no such relationship exists.
	# '''Ingroup Bias''': Favoring members of one's own group over those in other groups.		# '''Ingroup Bias''': Favoring members of one's own group over those in other groups.
			# '''Just-World Hypothesis''': Believing that the world is fair and people get what they deserve.
			# '''Loss Aversion''': Preferring to avoid losses rather than acquiring equivalent gains.
	# '''Negativity Bias''': Giving more weight to negative experiences or information than positive ones.		# '''Negativity Bias''': Giving more weight to negative experiences or information than positive ones.
	# '''Optimism Bias''': Believing that one is less likely to experience negative events and more likely to experience positive events than others.		# '''Optimism Bias''': Believing that one is less likely to experience negative events and more likely to experience positive events than others.
			# '''Overconfidence Bias''': Having excessive confidence in one's own answers, judgments, or abilities.
			# '''Placebo Effect''': Experiencing a real improvement in condition due to believing in the efficacy of a treatment that is actually inert.
			# '''Planning Fallacy''': Underestimating the time, costs, and risks of future actions and overestimating the benefits.
			# '''Primacy Effect''': Remembering and giving more importance to the first information received over information received later.
			# '''Recency Effect''': Remembering and giving more importance to the most recent information over older information.
			# '''Self-Serving Bias''': Attributing positive events to one's own character but attributing negative events to external factors.
	# '''Status Quo Bias''': Preferring things to stay the same rather than change.		# '''Status Quo Bias''': Preferring things to stay the same rather than change.
	# '''Sunk Cost Fallacy''': Continuing a behavior or endeavor as a result of previously invested resources (time, money, or effort).		# '''Sunk Cost Fallacy''': Continuing a behavior or endeavor as a result of previously invested resources (time, money, or effort).
	~~# '''Gambler's Fallacy''': Believing that future probabilities are influenced by past events, even when the events are independent.~~
	~~# '''Dunning-Kruger Effect''': When people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability.~~
	~~# '''Bandwagon Effect''': Adopting beliefs or behaviors because many others do.~~
	~~# '''Halo Effect''': The tendency for positive impressions of a person in one area to positively influence one's opinion in other areas.~~
	~~# '''Horn Effect''': The tendency for negative impressions of a person in one area to negatively influence one's opinion in other areas.~~
	~~# '''False Consensus Effect''': Overestimating how much others agree with one's own beliefs or behaviors.~~
	~~# '''Placebo Effect''': Experiencing a real improvement in condition due to believing in the efficacy of a treatment that is actually inert.~~
	~~# '''Recency Effect''': Remembering and giving more importance to the most recent information over older information.~~
	~~# '''Primacy Effect''': Remembering and giving more importance to the first information received over information received later.~~
	~~# '''Framing Effect''': Reacting differently to the same information depending on how it is presented.~~
	~~# '''Loss Aversion''': Preferring to avoid losses rather than acquiring equivalent gains.~~
	~~# '''Overconfidence Bias''': Having excessive confidence in one's own answers, judgments, or abilities.~~
	# '''Survivorship Bias''': Focusing on the successes and ignoring the failures, leading to a distorted view of reality.		# '''Survivorship Bias''': Focusing on the successes and ignoring the failures, leading to a distorted view of reality.
	~~# '''Actor-Observer Bias''': Attributing one's own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their character.~~
	~~# '''Choice-Supportive Bias''': Remembering one's choices as better than they actually were.~~
	~~# '''Illusory Correlation''': Perceiving a relationship between variables even when no such relationship exists.~~
	~~# '''Planning Fallacy''': Underestimating the time, costs, and risks of future actions and overestimating the benefits.~~
	~~# '''Just-World Hypothesis''': Believing that the world is fair and people get what they deserve.~~
	~~# '''Base Rate Fallacy''': Ignoring statistical information in favor of specific information.~~


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Wikinimda@home: Created page with "Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. These biases often result from the brain's attempt to simplify information processing, leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, or illogical interpretation. Common examples include confirmation bias, where people favor information that confirms their preexisting beliefs, and availability heuristic, where people overestimate the importance of information that is readi..."

2024-07-09T16:21:16Z

Created page with "Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. These biases often result from the brain's attempt to simplify information processing, leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, or illogical interpretation. Common examples include confirmation bias, where people favor information that confirms their preexisting beliefs, and availability heuristic, where people overestimate the importance of information that is readi..."

New page

Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. These biases often result from the brain's attempt to simplify information processing, leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, or illogical interpretation. Common examples include confirmation bias, where people favor information that confirms their preexisting beliefs, and availability heuristic, where people overestimate the importance of information that is readily available to them.

=== Common Cognitive Biases ===
Here is a list of some common cognitive biases along with a brief description of each:

# '''Confirmation Bias''': Tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs.
# '''Anchoring Bias''': Relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions.
# '''Availability Heuristic''': Overestimating the importance of information that is most readily available.
# '''Hindsight Bias''': Believing, after an event has occurred, that one would have predicted or expected the outcome.
# '''Self-Serving Bias''': Attributing positive events to one's own character but attributing negative events to external factors.
# '''Fundamental Attribution Error''': Overemphasizing personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while underemphasizing situational explanations.
# '''Ingroup Bias''': Favoring members of one's own group over those in other groups.
# '''Negativity Bias''': Giving more weight to negative experiences or information than positive ones.
# '''Optimism Bias''': Believing that one is less likely to experience negative events and more likely to experience positive events than others.
# '''Status Quo Bias''': Preferring things to stay the same rather than change.
# '''Sunk Cost Fallacy''': Continuing a behavior or endeavor as a result of previously invested resources (time, money, or effort).
# '''Gambler's Fallacy''': Believing that future probabilities are influenced by past events, even when the events are independent.
# '''Dunning-Kruger Effect''': When people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability.
# '''Bandwagon Effect''': Adopting beliefs or behaviors because many others do.
# '''Halo Effect''': The tendency for positive impressions of a person in one area to positively influence one's opinion in other areas.
# '''Horn Effect''': The tendency for negative impressions of a person in one area to negatively influence one's opinion in other areas.
# '''False Consensus Effect''': Overestimating how much others agree with one's own beliefs or behaviors.
# '''Placebo Effect''': Experiencing a real improvement in condition due to believing in the efficacy of a treatment that is actually inert.
# '''Recency Effect''': Remembering and giving more importance to the most recent information over older information.
# '''Primacy Effect''': Remembering and giving more importance to the first information received over information received later.
# '''Framing Effect''': Reacting differently to the same information depending on how it is presented.
# '''Loss Aversion''': Preferring to avoid losses rather than acquiring equivalent gains.
# '''Overconfidence Bias''': Having excessive confidence in one's own answers, judgments, or abilities.
# '''Survivorship Bias''': Focusing on the successes and ignoring the failures, leading to a distorted view of reality.
# '''Actor-Observer Bias''': Attributing one's own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their character.
# '''Choice-Supportive Bias''': Remembering one's choices as better than they actually were.
# '''Illusory Correlation''': Perceiving a relationship between variables even when no such relationship exists.
# '''Planning Fallacy''': Underestimating the time, costs, and risks of future actions and overestimating the benefits.
# '''Just-World Hypothesis''': Believing that the world is fair and people get what they deserve.
# '''Base Rate Fallacy''': Ignoring statistical information in favor of specific information.

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